Машиноведение

HISTORY OF THE ORIGINATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CRANK-ROCKER IMPACT MECHANISMS BY S. ABDRAIMOV

V. E. Eremyants — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article is based on the author's report at a conference dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding scientist, founder of the direction associated with the creation and study of crank-rocker impact mechanisms S. Abdraimov. It describes the history of the origin and development of the theory and practice of creating crank-rocker impact mechanisms consisting of a base, a crank, a connecting rod and a rocker. There are three types of such mechanisms with different ratios of link lengths: with the largest connecting rod, the largest base and the largest rocker. All these mechanisms are protected by author's certificates and foreign patents for invention. By now, a whole complex of crank-rocker impact machines for various purposes with impact energy from 4 to 22,700 J has been developed and used in practice.

A STAND FOR EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF A HAND IMPACT MACHINE WITH A VARIABLE STRUCTURE MECHANISM WITH A SPLIT SLIDER

M. S. Dzhumataev, T.T. Karimbaev, V.N. Zharov — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This paper describes a test bench for experimental studies of a manual impact machine with a variable structure mechanism and a separable slider with an impact energy of 20 J. The test bench is designed to record the motor speed, striker position, and impact energy. In order to amplify the readings of the strain gauges, an amplifier based on operational amplifiers powered by a bipolar DC source has been developed. The speed of the electric motor shaft is recorded by a tachogenerator connected to an oscilloscope, the movement of the striker is recorded by a special sensor that transmits readings to a computer, and the impact energy is recorded by strain gauges, whose signals are also fed to the oscilloscope through the amplifier. The proposed test bench will allow experimental determination of the kinematic parameters of the motor and the striker of the impact machine, as well as its impact energy.

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF MANUAL RAMMER WITH V-BELT TRANSMISSION

E. S. Abdraimov, M. M. Ismanov, R. R. Pakirdinov, J. I. Mambetov — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article discusses the procedure for compiling a mathematical model of a manual rammer with a V-belt transmission. A kinematic diagram of a machine with an electric drive is presented. A mathematical model of a manual rammer has been developed, consisting of an engine, a V-belt transmission and a rocker arm connected to the engine shaft. Analysis of partial systems of natural frequencies of this system shows that the dynamic system has been reduced to a two-mass system. Substituting expressions for kinetic energy in the Lagrange equation, taking into account that the moment of inertia of the links brought to the engine rotor shaft, neglecting the friction forces in the mechanisms, a mathematical model of manual ramming is obtained.

CALCULATION OF THE EROSION OF GROUNDWATER DAMS

M. J. Dzhamanbayev, A. Kh. Tologonova, D. T. Bolotbekov — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

On the basis of a mathematical model of erosion of groundwater dams during water overflow over the ridge, considered in a calculation program and its debugging have been developed using the example of a soil dam. With the help of the developed program, calculations of the erosion of the soil dam of the tailings dam of one of the gold ore factories of Kyrgyzstan were carried out. The time of erosion of the dam, the size of the opening width and the hydrographic flow of water during this time are numerically determined.

STUDY OF PHYSICAL MECHANISMS OF STRENGTHENING OF STRUCTURAL STEELS DURING ELECTROLYTIC-PLASMA SURFACE HARDENING

Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article presents an analysis of the electrolytic-plasma hardening (EPH) process for 20GL structural steel, which is widely used in mechanical engineering and other industrial sectors. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to enhance the operational characteristics of materials that are used under high loads and aggressive environments. The experiments conducted demonstrated that electrolytic-plasma treatment significantly increases hardness, reaching 600HV. As a result of surface layer modification, it was possible to improve the key mechanical properties of the material, confirming the effectiveness of the EPH method for extending the service life of parts and structures. Additionally, the study revealed improved corrosion resistance of 20GL steel, which is particularly important for its operation in aggressive chemical environments. The obtained data also indicate enhanced wear resistance, making the EPH method a promising solution for treating structural components that experience intensive friction and mechanical loads. Thus, electrolytic-plasma hardening is an effective and technologically accessible method for improving the operational characteristics of structural steels. The development and implementation of this technology in automotive, construction, energy, and other industries will allow for increased durability and reliability of products, while reducing maintenance and repair costs. The promising nature of the EPH method makes it a relevant direction for further scientific research and industrial application.

DEVELOPMENT OF A SHREDDER – CONVEYOR DESIGN FORA FLAT – MATRIX GRANULATOR

A.E. Akmatov, R. A. Kasymbekov, Y. J. Osmonov — Mon, 27 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article describes the operating principle of the developed flat –matrix feed granulator, indicating the absence of a developed screw conveyor design. The task was to study various types and designs of choppers, feed mixers and conduct a patent search. Based on this, develop the design of a multifunctional feed chopper –mixer – conveyor for a flat – matrix granulator of the GPM – IMA. It is indicated that feed mixtures are important in the diet of animals, for the preparation of which various mixers are used. Of these, mixing of feed components with high uniformity, low energy consumption and continuity is carried out in screw mixers. Also, the uniformity of mixing depends on the uniformity of the particles of feed components, which is achieved by continuous screw grinders. To ensure production flow, a continuous screw conveyor is used. The operating principles of various feed mixers are described. The design and technological diagram of a screw grinder –feed conveyor for a flat – matrix granulator GPM – IMA and the principle of operation are presented.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE USE OF SYNCHRO-NOUS MOTORS WITH PERMANENT MAGNETS FOR A MACHINE WITH DOUBLE DRILL STRING

A. V. Anokhin, S. F. Murashova — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article is devoted to the rationale for the use of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) for a rig with a double drill string, which allows to provide an absolutely rigid mechanical characteristic in a wide range of speed control, regardless of the changing load on the drilling tool. PMSM is a very promising electric machine for low and medium power drives, especially for specialized drilling equipment. As a means of drilling, a double drill string is adopted, in which the entire load on the bottomhole is transmitted through the inner drill string installed in bearing supports relative to the outer pipe. In the course of previous studies, it was found that the loads on the rotation drive of the inner string practically did not change with the depth of the well, but depended only on the nature of the interaction of the tool with the rock.

NEW DESIGN OF HIGH-TORQUE HYDRAULIC MOTOR AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS

Zh. Usubaliev, B. S. Sultanaliev, К. Т. Elikbayev, N. N. Kynatbekova — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The paper considers a simplified design of a hydraulic motor consisting of a minimum number of parts: a housing, a rotor and blades, where the rotor has a working cavity in the form of a half-segment. Calculations of forces and torques acting on the elements of a high-torque motor are given, and graphs of the dependences of torque on the radius, pressure and length of the rotor are obtained. A comparative analysis of technical characteristics determining the power parameters and dimensions with existing typical hydraulic motors is carried out. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to start developing a design scheme for a hydraulic motor, depending on geometric or technological parameters. This method of designing a hydraulic motor is applicable to a working volume of 100 mm3 at a pressure of up to 25 MPa, while creating a torque at the eastern end of the shaft up to 1500 Nm.

ADHESION OF THE BINDING FLUID DURING SEED COATING

B.Sh. Aituganov — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article considers one of the methods of pre–sowing treatment of agricultural seeds - by grazing, that is, the creation of an artificial shell on the surface of seeds with protective nutrients. When creating an artificial shell on the surface of the seed, one of the decisive factors is the adhesive properties of the binder liquid, which allows the dry components of the coating mixture to adhere to the seed, forming a protective and nutritious shell. The coefficient of maximum humidification and the adhesive strength of the binding fluid affect the stability of the technological coating process. To ensure the stability of the technological process of seed grazing, the dispersion criterion is applied, the smaller the particles of the grazing mixture, the greater its dispersion, therefore, the better the seeds are wetted, and the seed grazing process is more efficient. Thus, the use of graded seeds of agricultural crops provides: protection of plants from pests and diseases, achieving high yields due to increased field germination of seeds and reducing labor costs for row-by-row processing.

CHRONOMETRY OBSERVATIONS AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF DRILLING BLAST WELLS USING SUBMERSI-BLE AIR HAMMERS

B. S., E.N. Absamatov — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The results of time-study observations of percussive-rotary drilling rigs equipped with down-the-hole hammers Sandvik Leopard DI650 2 (Finland) and Zega D480A (China) during blast hole drilling under high-altitude conditions are presented and analyzed. The mechanical drilling rate and shift productivity of the rigs operating in mountainous environments were determined. To substantiate the conditions for blast hole drilling operations, an analysis of the geological and mining characteristics, rock mass structure, mineralogical composition, and mechanical properties of the rocks at the Jerui deposit was conducted. Data from monthly onboard performance logs of the drilling rigs were also examined. Based on time-study observations and calculations, conclusions were drawn regarding the efficiency of applying drilling rigs under the high-altitude conditions of the Kyrgyz Republic.