DIVERSIFICATION OF TYPES OF POWER PLANTS - THE WAY TO THE ENERGY SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

Abstract

Electricity is generated by various types of power plants. Currently, the world is dominated by heat and power plants (CHP). The main drawback of CHP is the release of harmful gases and gas mixtures into the Earth's atmosphere, which is the main cause of undesirable, harmful environmental and climate changes on a global scale. A feature of Kyrgyzstan is that more than 80% of electricity is generated in hydroelectric power plants (HPPs). HPPs, although they do not emit harmful gases into the atmosphere, have negative aspects. During the dry period, when the volume of water flow decreases, hydroelectric generators cannot operate in the nominal mode and from time to time there is a shortage of electricity in the country. The purpose of this study is to develop proposals for improving the security of the country's electricity system by diversifying the types of power generating stations. Analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various types of power plants. Based on the results of the analysis, develop a proposal on the most efficient types of power plants for the conditions of Kyrgyzstan. It is clarified that the monopoly of one type of power plants has its drawbacks. To eliminate them in Kyrgyzstan, it is necessary: to complete the construction of the unfinished CHP-2, operating on natural gas and the Kambar-Ata-2 HPP; to modernize coal-fired CHP-1, converting it to natural gas, in order to simultaneously solve the problems of energy and land reclamation in the Central Asian region, it is necessary to build the Kambar-Ata-1 HPP, to increase the share of electricity generation powered by solar energy (SPP) and wind (WPP) ) up to 15-20%. The implementation of these diversification works ensures the balance in terms of types of power plants and the reliability and safety of the entire electric power system of the Kyrgyz Republic.